Abstract: Aiming at the problems of large difficulty, high costs and others in high extraction roadway construction during deep mining in coal mines, a technical solution of large diameter borehole replacing high extraction roadway is proposed for gas governance. Based on the spatial layout of "three-layer hole arrangement, gradient interlacing, and bidirectional hedging" and the composite structure of "large diameter main hole+small diameter branch hole", the borehole parameters and network layout are optimized, and the extraction process of "multi-parameter coupling, zonal regulation and control, and intelligentization management" is adopted to achieve precise and efficient governance of gas. The engineering application results show that a ring-shaped broken zone is formed within the range of 0.8-1.2 m around the borehole, and the permeability coefficient of the coal body is improved from 1.25 × 10⁻¹⁵ m² to 1.86 × 10⁻¹⁴ m²; The gas pressure is decreased from 1.8 MPa to 0.3 MPa, and the gas content is decreased from 15.6 m³/t to 2.8 m³/t; The total extraction volume is maintained at 95-110 m³/min, and the gas concentration is remained in the range of 35%-45%. This technology saves 65.8% of investment and shortens 65% of construction period compared to the traditional high extraction roadway scheme, and has significant technical and economic benefits. The research results provide a new technical approach for gas governance in deep coal seams.