Abstract: In view of the problems of monitoring lag and insufficient emergency response efficiency in composite disasters such as high gas, permeability and others in deep coal mines, a coal mine disaster early warning and emergency response system based on data-driven is studied and proposed, the evolution characteristics of the overlying rock structure during the stoping process of isolated island working faces are analyzed based on FLAC^3D numerical simulation. Taking Guotun Coal Mine as an example, a four tiered architecture system is built, integrating multi-source sensor networks and intelligent early warning models, using LSTM and random forest algorithms to achieve accurate prediction of gas outburst, combining three-dimensional hydrogeological models to dynamically monitor the risk of water penetration, and multi-modal terminals are designed to implement ventilation regulation, personnel positioning and emergency evacuation path planning. The application shows that the emergency response time of the system is shortened to 15 minutes, the success rate of safe evacuation of personnel is increased to 94.8%, the data update frequency of 3D platform is up to 2 times/second, the false alarm rate is 6.3%, and the average trouble free operation time is 2000 hours, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of mine safety management and control, and provides intelligent solutions for disaster prevention and control in deep coal mines.