分煤层开采工作面顶板水三维高密度电法动态监测研究

Research on Dynamic Monitoring of Roof Water 3D High-density Electrical Method in Separating Coal Seam Mining Working Face

  • 摘要: 为解决分煤层开采中导水裂隙带叠加效应引发的顶板水害防治难题,以及现有瞬变电磁法缺陷(有效探测深度100 m,无法覆盖184 m洛河组含水层;300 m工作面有100 m盲区;数据畸变率>35%;仅一维反演)对探查监测精度的影响,研究提出矿井三维高密度电法探测技术。结合全空间稳定电流场理论和含煤地层电阻率特征,以邵寨煤业2501工作面为对象,攻克顶板含水层“静态-动态”转化机制、采动水情动态监测技术、导水裂隙带叠加效应防控体系三大核心问题,构建煤矿三维电法可视化系统,揭示分煤层开采顶板水运移规律,为深部煤层安全开采提供新技术模式。结论表明,该技术可保障邵寨矿区安全生产,推动煤矿水害预警技术从二维平面探测向三维动态监测迈进。

     

    Abstract: To address the challenges of roof water hazard prevention caused by the superposition effect of water-conducting fracture zones in stratified coal mining, as well as the limitations of the existing transient electromagnetic method (effective detection depth of 100 m, inability to cover the 184 m thick Luohe Formation aquifer; 100 m blind zone in the 300 m working face; data distortion rate >35%; only one-dimensional inversion) on exploration and monitoring accuracy, this study proposes a three-dimensional high-density electrical method for mine exploration. Combining the theory of stable current fields in full space and the resistivity characteristics of coal-bearing strata, with the 2501 working face of Shaozai Coal Mine as the research object, the study tackles three core issues: the "static-dynamic" transformation mechanism of roof aquifers, dynamic monitoring technology for mining-induced water conditions, and a prevention system for the superposition effect of water-conducting fracture zones. A three-dimensional electrical visualization system for coal mines is constructed to reveal the water migration patterns in stratified coal mining, providing a new technical model for safe deep coal mining. The findings indicate that this technology can ensure safe production in the Shaozai mining area and advance coal mine water hazard warning technology from two-dimensional planar detection to three-dimensional dynamic monitoring.

     

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