Abstract: In order to study the impact of different stratigraphic structures on the dangerousness of water and sand inrush during mining in thin bedrock working faces, taking the 3336 working face of Yangcun Coal Mine of Yankuang Energy Group Co., Ltd. as the background, different bottom clay layer thicknesses (0-5 m), bedrock thicknesses (20-50 m), mining heights (2-8 m), and bottom sandy soil layer thicknesses (30-50 m) near loose layer mining models are constructed based on the discrete element software PFC^2D, and simulated mining research is conducted. The results show that during the process of coal seam mining, the bottom clay layer can reduce the occurrence probability of water and sand inrush disasters, and its protective capability is positively correlated with the thickness of the bottom clay layer; The mining height is positively correlated with the occurrence probability of water and sand inrush, the development of mining cracks becomes obvious with the increase of the mining height, and the occurrence probability of water and sand inrush increases; The bedrock thickness is negatively correlated with the occurrence probability of water and sand inrush. The failure mode of the overburden rock transforms with the increase of the bedrock thickness, the crack development is effectively suppressed and the occurrence probability of water and sand inrush is reduced. As the thickness of the bottom sandy soil layer increases, the instantaneity of water and sand inrush enhances, and the transport volume expands. When the thickness of the bottom clay layer is greater than 0.5 m, the mining height is less than 8 m, the thickness of the bedrock exceeds 30 m, and the thickness of the bottom sandy soil layer is relatively small, the risk of water and sand inrush is significantly reduced, with relatively high mining feasibility. The research has certain guiding significance for the mining of the 3336 working face in Yangcun Coal Mine.