Abstract: In view of the problems of single protection function, low operation and maintenance efficiency, frequent override tripping and others in the traditional downhole power supply system of coal mines, a set of intelligent upgrade and transformation technologies for high-voltage vacuum distribution device based on a four layer architecture of "perception - network - platform - application" are proposed and implemented. The technical path includes the integration of intelligent protection device and remote control units, the construction of passive wireless temperature measurement system, the deployment of auxiliary monitoring system, and the construction of intelligent management and control platform, functions such as real-time fault diagnosis, remote operation control, state prediction analysis and others are systematically achieved. The practical application in Baode Coal Mine in Shanxi Province shows that the system can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the power supply network, significantly reduce manual operation errors, achieve accurate fault positioning and rapid response, reduce the average number of override tripping to zero per year, realize a remote control success rate of 99.9%, improve operation and maintenance efficiency and economic benefits, and verify the feasibility and superiority of intelligent transformation.