Abstract: In order to solve the prominent problems of inaccurate load regulation, low energy efficiency and others faced by coal mine downhole belt conveyor system under the traditional operation mode, taking the belt conveyor system of Wangzhuang Coal Industry as a specific case, energy saving and control technology based on variable frequency speed regulation is deeply discussed, by introducing key technologies such as coal quantity and speed dual closed-loop control, multi-machine collaborative start and stop strategies, transmission system efficiency optimization and so on, and innovatively adopting adaptive PID gain adjustment and model predictive control time delay compensation mechanism, accurate adjustment of frequency converter output and dynamic matching of system loads are achieved. The implementation effect indicates that after the transformation, the system achieves significant energy efficiency improvement under multiple types of working conditions such as low load, high load, and load fluctuations, etc. Among them, the amplitude of energy efficiency improvement under the state of load fluctuations reaches 12.2%, and the energy consumption per ton of coal is effectively reduced. The conclusion shows that this technical path successfully improves the energy utilization efficiency of the belt conveyor system itself, providing a specific solution with high application value for energy-saving transformation of similar transportation equipment in coal mine downholes.