连续采动作用下地表移动变形及沉降规律研究

Research on Laws of Surface Movement Deformation and Subsidence Under Continuous Mining Action

  • 摘要: 为应对岳城煤矿3#煤回采期间,地表沉陷问题严重影响周边环境及生产活动,连续采动工作面时沉降现象愈发明显,采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法,探讨了3#煤工作面连续回采过程中地表沉陷的特征及影响因素。研究表明,当回采至90 m深度时,地表开始出现移动,采动超前影响角为85°,最大下沉速度达到89 mm/d;随着采煤工作面的延伸,采空区上方形成大应力拱,进而加剧采空区两侧煤体的应力集中;连续工作面的回采显著增加了地表沉陷量,在黄土层厚度较大的区域,沉降效应更为显著,首采面采空区的中心沉降最大,向四周逐渐减小;覆岩在接近地表范围内会朝向首采面采空区发生水平移动,并随着深度的增加而减小。针对性的地表沉陷防范与治理措施可以有效减轻地表沉陷,为后续工作面回采引起的地表沉陷治理提供理论借鉴。

     

    Abstract: In order to response the problem of surface subsidence seriously impact on the surrounding environment and production activities during the stoping period of the 3# coal in Yuecheng Coal Mine,and the increasingly obvious phenomena of subsidence during continuous mining of the working face,a combination method of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is adopted to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of surface subsidence during the continuous stoping process of the 3# coal working face.The research shows that when stoping reaches a depth of 90 m,the surface begins to occur movement,with a mining advance influence angle of 85° and a maximum subsidence speed of 89 mm/d;As the coal mining working face extends,a large stress arch is formed above the goaf,which increases the stress concentration of the coal bodies on both sides of the goaf;The stoping of the continuous working face significantly increases the surface subsidence amount,especially in areas with thicker loess layers.The central subsidence of the goaf in the first mining face is the largest and gradually decreases towards the surrounding areas;The overlying rock will horizontally move towards the goaf of the first mining face within the range close to the surface,and decreases with increasing depth.Targeted measures for preventing and governing surface subsidence can effectively alleviate surface subsidence,providing theoretical reference for the governance of surface subsidence caused by stoping of the subsequent working faces.

     

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