Abstract: Aiming at the problems of unreasonable roadway layout, severe mining disturbance, poor process adaptability and others under the occurrence condition of multiple coal seams in Jinniu Coal Mine, based on the surrounding rock control theory and collaborative mining mechanism, FLAC^3D numerical simulation method is adopted to conduct response analysis of stress field and plastic zone on layered layout and joint layout schemes, and the influence laws of different layout structures on surrounding rock stability are clarified. On this basis, combined with the process parameters of MG300/730-WD shearer and ZFY6400/17/38 hydraulic support, an adaptability evaluation model for the fully mechanized top coal caving process is constructed, and industrial tests are carried out on the 10112 working face and the 10113 working face. The results indicate that the joint layout can effectively reduce roof subsidence and coal pillar deformation, improve propulsion efficiency and stoping rate, and the direct cost per ton of coal is reduced from 178.6 yuan/ton to 165.2 yuan/ton, saving 13.4 yuan/ton, which provides a systematic layout optimization and process type selection basis for multi-coal seam collaborative mining under similar geological conditions.