Improvement and Application of Tomographic Static Correction Method Based on Surface Consistency Processing

Aiming at the problem that the imaging quality of 3D seismic exploration data under complex terrain is restricted by terrain undulations and lithological differences, an improved tomographic static correction and surface consistency processing technology is proposed. The core innovation lies in the integration of 3D nonlinear tomography inversion and adaptive algorithms to accurately correct time errors caused by terrain and lithologies; Dynamic attenuation compensation and deconvolution methods are adopted to optimize the consistency of reflected wave amplitude and phase. The actual processing results indicate that the signal-to-noise ratio of single shot recording is improved from 1.5-2.0 to 3.5-4.5 (with an increase of 125%-133%), the data dominant frequency is improved from 45 Hz to 62 Hz (with a resolution increase of 37.8%), the profile signal-to-noise ratio is improved from 25.4 dB to 35.4 dB, and the continuity of reflected waves and energy focusing effect are significantly enhanced. This result effectively improves the imaging quality of seismic data in complex geological zones, providing reliable technical support for high-quality processing and geological interpretation.